Manipulate[Graphics[{Thickness[0.01],Blue,Arrow[{{0,0},{x,y}}],Circle[{0,0},0.1],Black,Thickness[0.005],Arrow[{{0,-10},{0,10}}],Arrow[{{-10,0},{10,0}}]},PlotRange->{{-10,10},{-10,10}}],{{x,0},-10,10},{{y,0},-10,10}]

Manipulate[Graphics[{Thickness[0.01],Blue,Arrow[{{0,0},{r Cos[ϕ],r Sin[ϕ]}}],Circle[{0,0},0.1],Black,Thickness[0.005],Arrow[{{0,-10},{0,10}}],Arrow[{{-10,0},{10,0}}]},PlotRange->{{-10,10},{-10,10}}],{{r,0},0,10},{{ϕ,0},0,2Pi}]

Manipulate[Graphics3D[{Thickness[0.01],Blue,Arrow[{{0,0,0},{r Sin[θ] Cos[ϕ],r Sin[θ]Sin[ϕ], r Cos[θ]}}],Black,Thickness[0.005],Arrow[{{0,-10,0},{0,10,0}}],Arrow[{{-10,0,0},{10,0,0}}],Arrow[{{0,0,-10},{0,0,10}}]},PlotRange->{{-10,10},{-10,10},{-10,10}}],{{r,0},0,10},{{ϕ,0},0,2Pi},{{θ,0},0,Pi}]